壹、前言
112學年度分科測驗物理考科的非選擇題共有 4 題,包含第 20、21、23、26 題。其中第 20 題為 2 分、第 21 題為 4 分、第 23 題為 6 分、第 26 題為 8 分,總計 20 分。
物理考科的非選擇題評量重點為考生是否能夠清楚表達推理過程,故答題時應將解題過程說明清楚。解題的方式有很多種,但考生用以解題的觀點必須符合題目所設定的情境。考生表述的概念內容正確,解題所用的相關公式也正確,且得到正確答案,方可得到滿分。以下說明 112 學年度分科測驗物理考科非選擇題各題的滿分參考答案、評分原則與說明及考生作答情形:
貳、各題滿分參考答案及評分原則
第 20 題
一、滿分參考答案(2分)
「弱作用(力)」或「弱力」或「弱核力」或「弱交互作用(力)」
二、評分原則與說明
寫出如滿分參考答案所列之一,即得該題滿分。
三、考生作答情形
考生若能理解題幹敘述,大抵上都能答對本題。常見的錯誤作答類型為對於「弱作用(力)」的表達不完全正確,例如「弱磁力」。另外,也有部分考生寫出「強作用」,這樣的作答情形表示此類考生不清楚 β 衰變或產生微中子的反應屬於弱作用。
第 21 題
一、滿分參考答案(4分)
1. 光子動量 p 與其對應波長 λ 的關係式為
(式 1)
2. 光的波長 λ、波速 c 與頻率 f 關係式為
(式 2)
3. 將(式 2)代入(式 1),求得 ![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAJsAAAAmCAMAAADk6xkVAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAKhQTFRFAAAAAAAAAAA6AABmADqQAGZmAGa2OgAAOjpmOjqQOmaQOma2OpC2OpDbZgAAZgA6ZgBmZjoAZjqQZma2ZpC2ZrbbZrb/kDoAkDo6kDpmkGY6kGaQkJBmkJC2kJDbkLb/kNv/tmYAtmY6tmaQtpA6tpCQtraQttv/tv//25A625Bm25CQ27Zm27aQ29u229vb2////7Zm/7aQ/7a2/9uQ/9u2//+2///bdsSjbQAAAAF0Uk5TAEDm2GYAAAAJcEhZcwAAEnQAABJ0Ad5mH3gAAAAZdEVYdFNvZnR3YXJlAE1pY3Jvc29mdCBPZmZpY2V/7TVxAAACWklEQVRYR+1Ya3PTQAy8K6GBmoSGUsyrqd0C7fUBPnB8//+fIcl2wgxYK3dMJx+qb5ms9/akvbNk557iP2Ug5QcFpDaB3BaVPvrFIGfKPccMLkqA+mWFYSZQT5XyRcyGOdN7SsbdIV7UuTC8xd3jJlBPFRRhRNm8qZp1s7Zouyju5lCeCeQEVc+9f6ctHBcuqIDtw83xt9OIEmwCuQ6VPlyrOQneGyzOFPH52pUobyZQTwW8SXZD6vutlbNKzKmGCeQ6FPAmS/9qOH5kzNcFPqkm0Jaq1M0k0tMng7qazlR49UNPmwnkOlRzrNpNirTJkYtYEO+izMAmTKCeSrvayN5y8VoPg+WeGYMJyLxjyKbExqw+mZJvSq56fmQwebdi6f2iXvmZPEE/ung24FeM2PECKsOC8eDzqYv4rTRl9qxcJbcrzRK9lax0U+KaJZezbvP2j4p1hemXHEaMAlroWBXf0lHvDKZMxgiuwK5PeXsW9itSzkYLxp7kcbWz0dKXvZTmqI/z/ujqcRNiXE1Kqoc40hDS1qgTlIHkT8gSNubp7LstrfU5Hyp1ghonzpKTjU3bLaUXTFDjtIGRR8huCsB5v6J3SzqjuxLSCRSFCSQk3HCrEV9cUeMjJQUTlGuhIEygluPiLXlciU47lxRN93CbplzstMTsl35O2+GVSoo/AcA5l5lMINFHZQLa2pGOS+rABDXl5wtek1b+WVxqVQ2H1ebEcUnBBEVkAgVhAkk6aJDtGqghymbls0pKqk9QBBAo0mYCIZK//n+aoEanjJvUERPUA/j36pHfDos7XsQiI80AAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
二、評分原則與說明
寫出
(式 1)與
(式 2),並將(式 2)代入(式 1)求得
即得該題滿分。
三、考生作答情形
此題的得分要點為從光子動量 p 與其對應波長 λ 的關係式
出發,再利用光的波長 λ、波速 c 與頻率 f 關係式
進行適當的代數運算,並求得正確答案。常見的錯誤作答類型有兩種:其一是考生認為光子的能量為
,並認為光子的動量為
,進行代數運算後求得
。然而光子並不具有靜止質量 m,因此即使求得關係式
,但由於觀念錯誤,仍無法得到該題的滿分;其二是考生並未依據題意要求進行計算,例如由光子能量、動量、光速的關係式
出發進行代數運算,最後求得光子動量 p 與其對應波長 λ 的關係式
並作為結論,這樣的作答方式亦無法得到該題的滿分。
第 23 題
一、滿分參考答案(6分)
因一大氣壓等於 76 公分水銀柱高,水銀無法隨試管上升至 80 公分,只會停在
處,故水銀的位能變化來自管內升高的 6 公分水銀柱,如下圖所示。
![](https://www.ceec.edu.tw/files/file_pool/1/0N227430434583434283/05-112%E5%AD%B8%E5%B9%B4%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%86%E7%A7%91%E6%B8%AC%E9%A9%97%E3%80%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E3%80%91%E8%80%83%E7%A7%91%E9%9D%9E%E9%81%B8%E6%93%87%E9%A1%8C%E8%A9%95%E5%88%86%E5%8E%9F%E5%89%87%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E_0725rev-1_%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2_2.jpg)
解法一
1. 末狀態的位能為 ![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAS4AAAAjCAYAAAAqqecpAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAlwSFlzAAASdAAAEnQB3mYfeAAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAABGUSURBVHhe7V09bCJZtj6FNvfESwo8rcepRzJ0vG4geN6ElUjYpGE2GRhpiRZBw/hFrNTQ0cAEb0kYLZPwpAXG8do8adjQz1IDGzofb95133duVUFRUFDg8hjcdaXWjKn7c+65t74659xzzv1VuVwmr3gc8DjgceCQOPCrQyJ2W1qLySMRCXYoMbmhh3ZFMdoXT++FEmtqf6b7VPaPZs/sxtD6ytGQwlSz9LeOruTRlQjmhlqVcI0mN1lqV+a0rGpbLCZFPRIko5lRJ90X5B+Z5rEjTdvycV/re3za15V5erpeLHBJcAqWGC0oYeJjsXgqMplTKpf9ivx/JUb3fSHMgGBlO4OPEiQAlqBzACBA0NHKzMcygPGBQWtz20GPqCWorIOtRmeXLqJEo5HWfFeaNg9+QDU8Ph3QYrlL6osFrsrIrwjRxwt/ucixaZDyjQAAZESVyki5SJPoruGpJp2dUF80aGSSlLSvfQoAM5fmpFQmf9KlqsGYjvNZSHs62ujjbGpb4XFGJoAbdKmZviC/Pr4dTe5ujf3vrTJ68Pi0/8v0JBS+WOCy41al3Z6phVKNu4eqaFK/zO0MVSSdTlNMkc2Eoa5VKm2leNMCeEXoqHUjslQnM2jN1Zgcq4jCrCJuamulfdBtUvqiIcWtdTQ9yQ45oE49Ph3QYj2S1E8OuJhfxssfZNNTeg0Hpz3qDNN0UriAHcyvSKCLZVj6Eix9aQBUgFSnkGKxX/EzOi9T+Zzo9D4ngkqHbWPCsLWta7sInqwmpknHLaINND1yPxxsc02d9vh0sAu4JeGfJHAZoCJabHCP0RWMV+cPc0lsxsPJHQ3Dx9SKRqkNaSeQLVA6F6PuoEF+K6OHdzSxYf7IX1YmNYBedQAAXFFpTVuyqIm0DU1bboaDru7x6aCXb1viP0ngMphUaT8orVpYBO8mdL4KUJa4GaTjMNGd/vvMaC4ENWhAGSVDF7o0Zm0aiCco3BlTslEUfKrotK1Z/Vm9uIs0bbsBXkp9j08vZSWdzeOTBi5mUSB0MkciK8+CxxRekobCdIwTxmyUjfNVBipptGfze2NyLCKROozzGjgtLcFJSLpCaKrq5rZL6g93uIamh8UzAGc74AXU8vj0AhZxyyl80sBlnO7VWo2lkz/Jx0CcEuEcxTJs48Lfgyrl4FwxCRBOJNmG5WfQmrGcJbhz2LRWuTwMqvAny/MJJJ9mOmxrVX820NTecvFfTHWPTy9mKZ1OZAZchk+T7pY5ax+uQY0y2X8WHCq5lkOnSqcEuVVPuibAR0u6fgYV+Jlqvlpm+kulqwVnUoMHt/qcNQN6X9yhH3iEiRIs+X2cH25yIOUh5w6r2ozkaaTJCdbJPFepP4+hycmYydMj0et2KNdcdgEx2jPgDzIpijU1x9ownHhbDdgBNzjWOhl/lzrPwadd6FzXxhHfk1+omVRU0dkOvtfA9yzhO+qDC41wSlPyi8/U6jd/Qz9YP7y/Y7jvQImQfRSTn2GMrD5GmNK1FjVzAV+5vNh/MXmKenHU04cNp4kFgFyAfGUbWrjvV6Gs8vnfVWrGFNt68v0pJtX6q5Dy9Y2ghYml4ePYjPlmwMU+TX6E//TvrwRvyHANmzG7vBnbD+eK6J+ISOx25pHuyKnSKVddqielH8wHApBWdL8opr/MR316MTuTGjzwP8xlF+M3IzDKLGGtI9Vu/G2mx0Z9gO1Sk11p2jQ2g3rqcki8n4mgQtuUQSZIsVtEAYgbvDRTquPvYIYjEDaN8DTPf2k+uT0LJ3znlz4SiionvTFRLOgTkx8/1gFiwQgx8KjFYnEjeEkwiITgl30G0CvQpBWlAIDGAD0JWr2gkgdYNLCug3qK4rkgpXuqWooVZ0CjAVBMEe96iASJSeCcDjIfQ6GIUvtwreZAixW8DCBC1/S5AwbiA+2j374l9fpU/dIXVxpnb6h3/S27Jfkq/opYUhVhQkFJU2EFaC2Mh4mbw2gc0OJV2XMOMKifQ9ctnJTw8VpNrHR+LXHY01zyLOZrooPT2U0RCHs+/WcjbxPfDcAZvunTMBaC9FMWlTb5ijcD9c4XVf5Qh2YBgFkXdlwsQlrzBZWmgNYwbgD7yAeBYybM8BiD+kRp5KK+yoP2e7HYUt/9EFJy/zMgiseI9K/3tP83Gp7V6MNXGmhJSa2Yp3fhEHX6UyLQYtSdMRVmlh8M6WwrTgfpNzgQU8RvIBXOzcYLwKXZfKAUAZTMXuLWcabjWzqZORZtRYVX+RfkAMR5kakS+VfEYkrVhOL0MFrhBrKGRlbLWL2IY8fO5FLdFpjrzt09nmLsX5B1+zXUtE+d/xUUTgRg+mBM0aTwSuUn3+/ekNrM/UXpqw01pixLOhoAaZJWU+CDo4OWVSKSEg7KqLx8whPGaZQebTvny7BD/elXwChlAaNOQqBxTqKsDxOM+uWre+XPvTTF4zZfxC05vihxSedGxi1TUJylQw3c7uniZh43t+WYS9VP7+2/8IuV2ca0GHrz2LFfcvtKe6TkL+5Fqnshzk3glYTUlOqe4mxhO9DSbIDgWFo7HTV4x3a30xO8Uc0unRrOuS6Pva/r9Nx7N/B5GHLILY0h6LChamX5sUpfA03Ctb9SLgQblMVeZctbAOYPn/dYmltoE4j9nsK5LPp6RbVeS6qGyfcR6nBdtl1Z+h9kLkn8+Zpe0x9dW8YF4Jr2OkBWqIn2uKV5bp9c0LmLhli2UTjNruPUxuQahw68ozZiNlsX3Rl4saoX6WL9HGTEWJr6dIxXBAIX+4NYfC+C7OBmvEB6Q1fH3tN1+EX2biAkLY7NTp/GIqsGaW7Pmv4fy2DM+9XFkLYE3utEqE8n4Zxa4twDaGNreIeENh1UlUjoihJ/b9ENos10IU8OUmn/7Lse16WhPRcPUjgcVnuFFg2/ghEf9iczJdhv6qv7gnIDQGv0xUc825iJxclSW04VN6uJg2oOaiJoM9IUOBnFq/OsHDAApNq9FZH7wm6gteMMnnPsHUneu2YzlbCZU/6QCfEJrjTGT6c/fqymGAhOCBqaTZnSHdRMxrZQME65m6xP0PTjIBNSYrBFhWtjtZSDiqlLSazWZXysVmr4M2Rg4jqleR0DvP7aS6uheFMZ4jRneNmj8WuAqumQYKYi/uM1RRn8YCpzq8wlLvaFQa9pc+4UyygrHf1coMRtcbtUKjk+GnaB/L3pAkZb268Z7+tbiEsniWVpyY0JTO60wE9+gaxWkm3G3re1W8dT5pvbe9duLX7yl32T+r2aysaUIL+o4bRaK+AkjdmOsLQAVt5iWtK6MqTkxJ9gkNfcGmAh8xUbfTX9HVwrcn8hs30MJ9Y+/9u3JJIw1ldTShweBkPU6ek2NOMEMvnZlZrqFpSPap5+hGtMvJmj0Ks7PvmbnXBO32sqIp8Esk2teOrGTtP6mAEXG9wZlldoAfPRVjn6WcENRt/MOET5TaeSpnZui9ubNpt77DuMnmbq4TkCxakqqkd5AZeP7UV2Q2VxHCIFw6yhmjoc+9DWzu29u25HtX/2+8wuPvFJR/0aqle68BWFlC1sVxhkLsXdKqvsY8ii4iP/OfXSQzXevFUmU0GKbohn9c8XJ+Xdh9fkI4CS/1yM66SGsk0l/uV/sp8ViQlcJqpQEbPLNi833poZcK37YvJAs3QqBS29in1BJF/ImZOmGxPw+ljPAQM4NAfREbUf/Er+KCVSR63VgeVru9PiIul2HnM53xtsZrhYzFmmg5Y7Y3srbeaA5t5QUgROeP8UVagBcWtljsrZx4at9yH8m6dq1wz769RMoigS1tF3LNSY5ReIfHCrCELMM6S89s/nPglytxPlg0rq9D3s5U2c4BHpNjViJ25ZmnE+wAyrR+NrPpVc64hqt+oz4NKMq/YFxjqEu8DpEIZ7zotXTCYFs8JaphOcv8N5LYnn82c9SqXuqAAr3zo3C29russB9t7PVE+XvNrZb6gF8Kqe3qzN/GqlRnrtF9IiF+tQb5qdP15xGu322O5y5rB7K7IHfQRq3hlO2eH1DjiyffnnklUXLhMCLhPzutKwD9enmI+lorK9eeUsQTGAFK/4uvy9QQChPL1BCWSvfW91fzCD25qk1lTe6J7zD1AfV914odW7Rb1rAOO/ZPOzRFyTKnXfsxlwBbItqnXgEQ1P3Forj7xRmiohwzvgQZu6RAiIKV86J+RbBKd1myFOrVb82UJCDnub7k49e+/Dh0tKWtbC4LXKK19K1hnt2yhVCGuJ5qkWRj58pOiZINNFYDqgegoOkAj7OTclZNxl7N1nevgtN/Kd30W2O/Vw2heMIt3SPFTH7JOV/OJeDUWbylltPHNjeN0YEOxZFHt1LL3s2YA+fR/5GCqFldo4SjmIa8Xpe3jmZxV6U6MCsvZG4VE/Hbz/GLm8Ut61vl0AjWi+TuHvshTn/q41r32um4oPJdiYAWaXldHMVkNq/lcd0uR/0N3wjBL/HSCW3wzgNIX8cFzeRITqVboMSoczicClqytKJwrIeLAi/MeUTXSOqtwOqZG3jMvbZYJeG3c5IL3iObm+LE2I8VAJEGRpvkxEi5XEPoFBNogYTu1YvU8TadP8RNNTPHIZ7PjOMXksCRkuDQr8GMKICUz0J/CXCvi+dxifyFJXQ52ox5mUAj94plblfnoTeNAbsYXFJCXOcohRRVIB/GNVjsOCWkhNzmFBLB0Z0zTcITimMeTT+sNhAZxbxdpYRadsknnvfohT4+ZrGPzT9O7DNWWhUprjMRf8uGTWAqTIW4jx49Hgs7NqU/JXAh/cBcc3q6o4wXlt97hFOxmDnc70CevZ3hRkvonHEmi+cPvMFs+ecBqOuuY8/cvX1S2DkdwnMNzOYj5t9oejQVdU2uUWJnM3bq/ZrvNw2s6W77pzo/RqP38rs+lqr2PbNryn/ZPf95bbPXzPCXhnRfZhXjM8GeHSF6OKdQytId57y30JZvDy6xl+jd847nfdZYeYp+/tW9T45zdU/qc9d/hk89eIUyz/Vqvz7++/WVJRl2IVnTKb68mvL4OXoVLAvpXiILf0MU3ycenIG8y3KC8lsG163o+6djcFMXUcaNxJTLCZoDIfdUQQ/jVGkPGuz/Zj1s9LhQQd2OXkLUzy+rU1GWrtQG/F7U6PWbPn5Yg3+ioOPAq4DPDi/0opAzfcFPpp6sJcOEb2idEuR+57tE52NwVpLxQiDERAJp2Qoi2uD+Nwl+gUl2bs8Mw7tNAWfjqRDpbaLUxGhtpOTyZnlJkoNtys5PaaeeuyRy+kiZRHA5fR1xS2Mew4ik4yAK4oZeN1qk+SYtsg3v1kk4UqPe87S5SaIsVuAk2Ziz6KxM6cp37bZ8+UEWbv2I3c/rhybK6eygy1etn2dqSFye24Zt667N0WkQS5AlzJo3tRDeECCTbIn2pGff5aFk+rIrOrs+N+8kuTCvjUA/GaqxLn7fpsj6f7rKQxP8OJ/IzXTm9HshLtrcuzLqPrgz8auBi0enEdtCzksdieB3ilLo9FoZVlY+D23tquT9nr8FA4IEPMIkdQE/kC3xVUr7sd6VAm6dG5Ewd2Bi52QB30YMjKFglHpbaAxEG2Ny0SmVSGjgvwD9sy/9NOs3riRlJ9Md3YYx5u12dPTPJBdj/IdJE+qbEg2Tq9Hck6YW9dDnIL2BK9M3AZN0Jb08xIkZwjC0xFOiPiYgk+xn0RxXrTjn5JK6cDoqnlZiCHz7xkG4s7g9MZw7Of/KaPotPbkVbusR3XzFuX/XxjdwYuu+mwB755s+3ntB9HFQNxId0Ul/W8zGnPecwQbjC7pmyXZ4+j6GW1lvGV49bME5//ziALOhwQt7pZyfrx9Nbl5ewT14FLc2J9GcXupiCeXbQxoXEEoS8I9yoh3KVsyia667OXwbXHzYIlLSXGuVqa8+gNebuSsxRwT7Fmj5uR1/opOOA6cD0Fkc/V57qberS7Ecu6N/Oid/muz55rnvs0rvUWJoM2p5lvn2LN9ok/Hi0aBzzg8naCxwGPAwfHgf8HTYlcwiPuw5cAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
2. 初始狀態的位能為 ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
3. 末狀態的位能減去初始狀態的位能為
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
解法二
水銀柱
增至
,即等於從水銀槽移出 6 公分的水銀,放到質心位置為
公分處,此時水銀的重力位能增加
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
解法三
1. 上拉過程中,原管內 70 公分的水銀(質量為
)上升 6 公分,此時水銀的重力位能增加了
。
2. 因大氣壓力,水銀將由槽逐步補入試管下方,均勻分布在 0 ~ 6 公分,其質量為
,
的質心由零位面抬高至 3 公分處(質心要取其中點),故補入試管 6 公分的水銀之位能變化為
。
3. 故水銀的總位能變化為
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
解法四
以外力作功轉換成水銀的位能
階段一:
增至
,
增至
,
平均作用力為
位移為
,故作功為
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
階段二:
增至
,此時試管內的水銀液面高度不變,
即
,故外力對水銀不作功。
綜合上述兩個階段,外力對水銀作功共約 3J,轉換為增加的水銀位能。
二、評分原則與說明
解法一
寫出末狀態的位能減去初始狀態的位能
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
即得該題滿分。
解法二
寫出從水銀槽移出 6 公分的水銀放到質心位置為
公分處,所增加的位能為
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
即得該題滿分。
解法三
寫出原管內的水銀與由槽逐步補入試管的水銀所增加的總位能為
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)
即得該題滿分。
解法四
寫出以外力作功轉換成水銀的位能
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
即得該題滿分。
三、考生作答情形
本題的解題方式有很多種,考生只要表述的概念內容正確,解題所用的相關公式也正確,且得到正確答案,即可得到滿分。本題有作答的考生,大致上都具有重力位能關係式
的觀念,而常見的錯誤作答情形包括未考慮到單位換算、單位換算錯誤或計算過程中數值計算錯誤,以致無法求得正確答案。此外,幾種常見的錯誤作答類型說明如下:以解法一進行計算時,未考慮玻璃試管內的水銀高度應取質心高度(例如直接以末狀態水銀高度 76 cm、初狀態水銀高度 70 cm 當成質心高度),以致計算求出水銀的位能變化約為 6 J,為正確答案的兩倍;以解法二進行計算時,認為從水銀槽移出 6 公分的水銀其高度變化為 6 公分(即認為
),因此得出錯誤結果;以解法三進行計算時,未考慮由槽逐步補入試管的水銀其高度變化應取質心高度變化,認為此部分的水銀高度變化為 6 公分(即認為
),以致計算結果錯誤。另外,有部分考生認為當
時,
,表示這類型的考生不知道在大氣壓力為 1 個標準大氣壓時,題目所描述的玻璃管內水銀上升的高度有最大值存在(即
)。
第 26 題
一、滿分參考答案(8分)
第(a)小題(2分)
磁通量最大量值發生在單一線圈面恰與磁極面重疊時(如圖 8 所示),此時垂直通過線圈的磁場僅單一方向,量值為 B,單一線圈面積 A 為
,故單一線圈磁通量最大量值
為
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
![](https://www.ceec.edu.tw/files/file_pool/1/0N227435189386473227/05-112%E5%AD%B8%E5%B9%B4%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%86%E7%A7%91%E6%B8%AC%E9%A9%97%E3%80%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E3%80%91%E8%80%83%E7%A7%91%E9%9D%9E%E9%81%B8%E6%93%87%E9%A1%8C%E8%A9%95%E5%88%86%E5%8E%9F%E5%89%87%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E_0725rev-1_%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2_4.jpg)
第(b)小題(3分)
感應電動勢為通過線圈的磁通量時變率,承第 25 題,通過該單一線圈磁通量
隨時間 t 變化的關係圖如右圖所示,當
到
時,磁通量由 0 變化到
,故單一線圈感應電動勢的最大量值
為
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
![](https://www.ceec.edu.tw/files/file_pool/1/0N227436485471695713/05-112%E5%AD%B8%E5%B9%B4%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%86%E7%A7%91%E6%B8%AC%E9%A9%97%E3%80%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E3%80%91%E8%80%83%E7%A7%91%E9%9D%9E%E9%81%B8%E6%93%87%E9%A1%8C%E8%A9%95%E5%88%86%E5%8E%9F%E5%89%87%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E_0725rev-1_%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2_5.jpg)
第(c)小題(3分)
承第(b)小題,此單一線圈發電可達到最大功率
為
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
二、評分原則與說明
第(a)小題(2分)
寫出
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAK0AAAAxCAMAAACf1dlJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAMNQTFRFAAAAAAAAAAA6AABmADpmADqQAGadAGa2OgAAOgA6OgBmOjoAOjo6OjpmOjqQOmZmOma2OpC2OpDbZgAAZgBmZjoAZjo6ZjqQZmY6ZmZmZma2ZpDbZrbbZrb/kDoAkDo6kDpmkGY6kGZmkJBmkLbbkNu2kNv/tmYAtmY6tmZmvJA6tpBmtpCQtrZmtrbbttv/tv/btv//25A625Bm27Zm27aQ27a229u229v/2/+22////7Zm/9uQ/9u2/9vb//+2///bAAUX4gAAAAF0Uk5TAEDm2GYAAAAJcEhZcwAAEnQAABJ0Ad5mH3gAAAAZdEVYdFNvZnR3YXJlAE1pY3Jvc29mdCBPZmZpY2V/7TVxAAAD60lEQVRoQ+1Z2XbTMBCVk5YYaCGNaYCWuCzFbthrh6WxgvX/X8UssmwlcnHaHCXhMA9xjyVbd0Z37oxVIf7bvx6BIggGe+OjHAoZjpxwd9CPH3MhskP4WbFb/NjqXhROtO1+eAar3ibNFTM3E2AK+pGfe0Kn4gDt4NJeTx69at4on7uIQDPQD3X1pHV8w37kwUioNJhY6MZWZMX0um1R7UfqSzSyHiCToUXM1N74zHLFAq79UHH7lE1GV8WI00ZboAO1FYC9cKMxfmT9TYJqfRdLaRZM1BticBAczlMKNFJ6As58wJv9JheqkXnthwy9oM0Ax++r3rmYJuoiUTFgLyPNwqL/7ZebkTyS1X6UkQ+0rAlDSmn1+rqMYMdN5UoHX1owrIyo2AdaQjYLD3Cjy2c22jI6W9ICqLTIFIj+8ogftKQIQFvcexB6GTZiW1SyVkZBQPMqtHok1beJ5B5iy4oAKBAtJJeFlpMNmQEuGOh4pxopTPJ5QcsUheIAFxkOANNIfbrhLCsjVl19xXTUVo1Q2WXzkWUqxQ3+eYpchHyb0FYPdOjkQ1Zdrb6NrrEaaaD1oGBEQ7Bj7BJUjKl2FcAv46uCqa9G1+qRBtrCT3VwJoclsqtozTOGCb4qrxMtyW5lmgmGrI0nDNpsWE+n7WrtMJfWowID0sKKj/x3dtJOlObmYly3rJoCdf43HOFX2x1jGVll+vaFWJQWkXYPkucOaIWa1o0NCMWSgpmw86vrblx9HIeUCV9vB2lGde6SKGGuPL1LbO21THVYgtCoDjySh9DWQ4e0iHsdO0iuTirmrq84vLk/2o5xwpKISghEcNIPnNPWKCq0OzMObTlOqgcdc7ui6DiPCUutMkHuYEQEaAH5uwo+Aho62eHx+0whfkOAqenshpYl4YBZjscA/tASTqZgETyIqw4eEDGJV3e3UgRirXxEO8O9tYsJhkgb+EOvRERYYGgJPMJvD7NWBMhL3A4G4et7FAJyMgeMCvplCFb+gmAWL9vRsiII6la4flaxvQ8juz47e0yFifoOkb+nijj93Iq22a/q4sO9qy+TocGWJ9gGy3NXEWQ4lJa4E9fw+aLLg0e0nOK6R8gT7CzzpBWtzqTjyzk02JSK5SlcrVMiX1EGnMDF8ky0x3bzUBbgLubM+gZoi9476PC7Se/6C6w+IcOTuZjZZzcd3wtoSb08oqVjZjoTWdPwoGIk4DAHudyxxVlzidXppIhb/TJYxwUZ9qAHHK7zyDbnyjA4WjqK3iacv609o7OkPbFsqOirfS+MPnj5mGwPLCVpr869dh0wo3X/c2/3sFNz/R0PGffC5J37hJ127w9+XHRijVXutwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
即得該題滿分。
第(b)小題(3分)
寫出
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
即得該題滿分。
第(c)小題(3分)
寫出
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAT0AAAA/CAYAAACSJB8iAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAlwSFlzAAASdAAAEnQB3mYfeAAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAABh5SURBVHhe7V07bBtXuv6HSO/0akkuoqiVAZEqLyKTvEC0hRlAjdyIdBWOAKu5V0tJtLdSEFGuRLpYq1EQplgXJmUD28VkACvd1SowyZTqo+0zc7//nBm+H0Ny+BLPFAEczZzHP2c+/s/v/+zo6IjUpSSgJKAksCgS+GxRNqr2qSSgJLBYEkiu3hqeSFYzTew7lifKhj1HRylTgd5inQO1WyWBhZBAcuuBsf7dKgAv4zErp3+u+/9bM08+GQd60qNAbyGOgNqkksBiSaBa8dPrsxB5z4hSqTvP65M1w58raOVEwlCgt1hnQe1WSWAhJHBxdeWhq6vaXr3+FSJN/lOB3kIcAbVJJYHFlkC1fE2Bx8/Ir5Eybxf7KKjdKwncfwkkk6vG0/UH2j9+9pFPaXr3/4WrHU5OAlurt+Z2mGjfzNBVKmUZU5ObfxFmEgGKJzfa43+cUcKneVKpFMdme16X8Tf09c9n5IOWx/cr87afxNTflQQcSGDrwXvTF16hQkUBngNxDX1L6uLO8+H1srHuX9du3n4wssmk56gH8OG9GN+tftAymla7T4He0OJXDyoJSAkgH8zUoOGlGfAulIY37nMhgC+/ghy8de3k0wdDB/B10vg4T2+9/ForhiTg8b+f0pmmQG/cb0iNf68lAHPLDPoOKJCu0J0CvIm969TVkie/kzUiT061yAfdSLYAH2t4nkgJeXpZIp2MA6zsgGKUN1T0dmIvSU10PyVweaxTKZCmSsJLF6nZ2ePWw8+N4+c/asvnRdK91NMEFNrqQ1QvhFC9wP9oqF6Y5I6Sq58b6y/+rT3e36NEyNvXXxfKFCjmidCT0wiVdB81FtRe3G14Dg832pb/6/PnKmVlki9VzXW/JCC1PGBEIQHAmx2z9uHte8P3fEUrAPDCTgBv63MjeIzqBcpa1QsRzUyXRfUCl225+da6lYbxHKmrPzwfzjeNp36/Ftx5a5SyvedPpa48X++YRnb3Oy2fODPCXczc1vUr89bNN6rGWigJCC0PJtN+iBrzYKcqg4e3B0YoG9MKRobCiFb2cvLbC61W/XSeeUTejInqhZTndTpg+H9E9YKRMHxaZ3/ZMJtMAlzXGVxFadhLlIa1g2vq4spzZuSNp56IRlbZWK89hPbSFHi1S38/fUaRFm2v2xoV6A3z9tQzU5GADBjARyNMsAIdLV1NLS0EuV9mnGePbc5Meoo0UUmLFc4o7AHgOdTSLj5+9NDHj7V36vWhemEMV7Xio9cZlIZluDTsj67gyhrcWX4HPrkn2kmke6BCLNEboceBXdr9KU/lhG74HGh7CvTG8HJHHXKWPu5R9+LW88KUPF6lo6MlTZqVYXqfrpgbdxfTAb7LN8TwG1iGfXtXL3dya7+DjpNMbhmnQb9mwr/4LKQRlDYAy6CjyPurlWtai+6RfwDgdDJTW2lYL3AN7dFJwE+7T06pU6DCni+VuvCsfmkalP1Jy1cTpCMZr9+lQK+fhCb895n7uCe8/27TcQH5ObSEi9QVIWVBO08HTF8uT+fFpDkNfxqXNQHyKBrxImrbXUgAI/MUjj+91OGeQIzScNrfXbkA3NUC5X4xKXASFqVWTrW81lVx9UIc1QvnP3vJmxgeOJ0cGwbXQBSlYR3AlcFs6/GasbvbH8xCmzGiV1n6rYLyWvwG9WMIVaDn5O1M8J5Z+7gnuPWeU0FL0NoKyKe0OAlknAQRI78X/rwe68DHq9HGEVWit6ZPz4rUFtZOeYzLuI/CMNdjBdNcuhotEFIt/Ei/mAE6CfuoBLCiIbU8rl7Y/JAhbKtv9HQU8dulYa9RGtYNXL2RKAV2d+mnfJV2e/nrfMv4+dHoulwlwv77XQr0+klown+fpY97wlsfaDpRQA4TbBpaHlGFblhzCyyLWk5nxm2zZshgmNxLm4GsTtkXp1QZQWOVpu0hoq87AoSHvbY+f28co3oBZrujAMiw8/BzdmmY1yoN6ziW10/sXcz089fZ9zlU9RTojfLmJvDsdD/uCWxwiClEECH4AKbtbOXGddtKTTOEvw3WMPWwhoeQBj9SpRuYtgzCABHiHJNBFT0OggQ/nWulMKoXEADh1JI4ZbRsyH0ArIFrQ2lY54376IsATNbib/iZMfED08dfd12mshHuG3FWoDfkMZvEY7P2cYuPN35MtJcZS/XB1oNb85j2aKlPcEKYYMXMlLQ8xpgysd5GK35na6jmKQfNMJCONN1fzeeQ8gIjeb85z29r9YF5/CJH2VIJz5Q58VYCUfKhEfeEtOudNPybiboJ2rAePwPJ0VFTbp0d5NBL8n/HCgZlQr8TAh8oVjihf0VzpIV4JSIybhzAcrerFxBodQygYp51v6YXrXlQ/nAW/p1ermMe84TKHxLke/eU1svnVGwAVy4Ny1ilYo3fVS1IUbzWeluug4GjAr1JoBfmEAXprd5szuQvygO/entg2tkY8mCaMAHi0/24G2QjAizBbVrZP6elMZVbeRN7tBnfphfXUfPckkvr62E5Hq8WaWmGkoH7HSEJbjEqoGrjCipYcgv+vONtQvUaxeDja/TnSeICgB1ScipFpHewb+1OJginUh89GaMiorS+IFG5mBDlV1R92XMJDB60cUjm32RKy+aj36la9RLzahL56b/0UhtQ8l9+fZ6iX/ttruHvYp6vMM//cm8K0r4GsP7O83zJ/J1wBLwMkgffgEkMpc3gCoJjx+A6wJI63qpAb1QJOnweZTGaWdk340i1gOtasnEAPAB4YoRQpkLpa0T5+G/nGfLlg3S8ORsft9Q4X1AUGf7jrC8VTv+lDdqHXuCL+5GH1yxcTuUJQkvYsJz+/G+YYE2g4fB1jHZb5UZoaE6uetCjhGRhoUmZB1ClBKiZHI2uBzBkqhJrdzLYwZFq1u5uDw+06xOp8QEaPMm/7Ri7oZxWqHCKhjRn+Qose7Gu7sbtu39mycS89I4IxxBAd2gesUfS5Y6Il2+wzx004sE8XpjHF0uH5iHg84e7DTo86lwa1g1cfcts3zqRNN9zTU5iGQr0nMrTjfu8PuJ3SAQHeEvUr3q6jbQGAB642EKXcQrSDHzc1p4v42G6jkIjGZOG1ypa8QOANI+bzXpUkzUgBgQ2wfBf8Z2zCQaFeGrVEI5y9GqmrQQyXrfk3QuT7xrrL2ZM5t6zU1s4IrxvaYR8b/Xlc3qFPe4gQuEUaDsdVWkaI3F5h39hcfiGcfzh0aYyMnsiWCzCdEVQAiGKP596NG0H82iPRoiquPG9dRlDgd4Yhds+tBX1izX7ghqpiXynQdKEGTwbH7dY20EAtEm989HcFCNrfFvRgKmH4/wjIECBNeWjDloC/ubm1AONVboBkLVoo60DSNMW8mvI57u4WpJ5hkhhCcc3pUZrgWNrhUf139DdWhKOZY5g+1W6QcoGzNWOmWrv/inBc/ORLE/rUK0hgRH6qOiZyBfWXf7ACb/Oo7kiaRtx5K9DbWVwcOEYkSxJUgOHY1c4TI5UHGfXiqPotQI9Z9J05y7L4dyoIdjUROzDY9PxgjZgbbSbANP6uIWp0iPqyOuPbyPtwlJDAjHpZB81lUTkaOk6vbmE+eqO9N0bReSFUV/Nq1fUVjSqaRzBMpljm+2FvLH9b2sJx7X0lMCJSEnjlDwnlzBte1RrcF1sEEGSlbfgXuIgg8U/5/mLR4u9NYwDi6yTKZ0OD1vTf+/oB/j/+Fq9xXlZs6pC8O/Gn6SrpSOPUZD+vrd/olQOQZc7B8zHTvY3yD0K9AaRlkv3rlgZrbZJU4KfxfZTuTSFK8PU60s7RyklYOuiDlY63at0ioRbdrKPkncmFm/lXmXfXLb59lzZ3CQG6RK1tROThb7To4xNaF7xtLbXWFb27ph2EYWNFRqB8KHIZytxyoZpGsDCpsRi27TtVq1hR4UJfsNsRKas8NoY4MpMPhB5quWNTF8WE5FwDNN2jatCepWwrXF+Y39HnYwGH+JGZxqc01eqQM+ppNy4z/o1t8u5hR+PEMG1yqvcmMLVMTpopo3jC9ONI9Bi/dIhv7UMs7Sz9TXg0iz/Jz7krcx0Ss26LtgCZAaZbmuzga3VtN3a4qCQT2rGkN25zcMX2oQ3LyuqClizTfJ98U+0uXxDx5dVyoIjqnIJbSx0oHEwIhv2NERcvbS8BvGXbqgKuEIZWnMplniPKJnrVq0hTN/O1Rze8DfQuBP095cWi0mvGq9qBfOsYR74H0eoCqnLvUK/Cev2iz4g6fQ+ObICvQE/xVFut+s1+cc9QRypQ08Fc3RTcJQ1jfKsMEFzzSOIKHUxgjItjQ5EKFEGZzo1ymlM42HzvmMpFj5klFTO2GUBcpe1CT8oF4GKq2QXwcvgC9JUAlxzW5A1t3b0HswiWqaShqvAJ+T2/tbOxatSGWk8GMfwhQJIcSkAKJmpRNBAiRlEneo3qFMtyXw2USbScMkStRXa7xJXkOdSalNt8Q0E376EVpaF/7Jt4Ja3wvOUMM//DB8naVm4zIcMPI5I876bKdyYp+iAJEGB3gQ/J+GUFfWalxT3iZrLmaElGkoMoPXZjx7TcTDIh9MsrewLuqd6vSnnJmbpxekePJXNV2P9ajdQHGpNE3iI97e6AnwoyRSJ1gtmIYIuvcveAXjtz4FIYQl1utKle8fas7wHaTw1Py8YXTiVpfVijWwNGlmuAHDiPJaG6S/+AIsw/n0Fv1u/YvxRxGfPw+zEg+T3dZtTBoHW6HsEgYoM7t1uFBYUyBa+QN2xg6i0Ar1R3vIAz9ad2kgq5RQQzsUasch8gOldv1X486DNrOAjW9q40Ngk22irQl2hGAgwsvoxt0UUUdjaQi6P6WYFf+yXhzFQfavr2+w6oMgfw+JZAZqJQIs3TNE1nfRcAX49kH+Sc/JPGVSp57h1Akb2PfZ7VW5Kv+bPW/sepXu9/X+2BfW4HzhaC1Sg5+ab6jmWla4Cv42+AgLMafHADbJfO5jQITXD7g1xjpyvC0vxEFUl1Ezuuby3T7FsuC0Ki8wG2twEIFqcoO3L6pzeM8jyx3mvjC6Xaj64cc7lZGw2cWXSsq59d/ktfH6a85zjR3+lHSRO699d4oUgetyIenhRr0Bk8PZbMMKMmWqqaZ/4UdwtQcv7JPP/evW3lWktkvHGyaVAz4mU3Lyn5vh3xs3h5tSDjsV+JlCVmdluDvtSjpi4kS+7X0Qg3UqqGSKmOws3MImINJf8FmopUMfb7bL8NJ1SOAbdx1juh2kfDbBmNT1Ov9Z9pT4ueQoxMkLhp0wXb4RB9e6ELl6UtxVixqtQWFtr6I1hJyKjXQWBvN3RWG7IWkaBD7W17z/RLnIE/9MjrcWOGJuxryniqUeee61DgZ4bb8nJGFYELX0+X4ELQdCYrYObvVVRNUGIPkumWpRWsZMdpm4HDVb0MfDVx6jmb2g5ArDsFaEQfprZ6j/R+JoFNdR+DAnU7bJxchzGdc9H5MJdxt4bofU4GgPJNBNHwAfANMxLJCf/RYN/zCId4ORkY7Dk5B4b4+Rkz4FMTvZ7cpz4XMv/sx9D1Np4uh7R/m/nLZV2QbTwnz6NiUQy9BqdPAuRLmjo+0tWgV5/GblyB7P9bsBDjQRkV8ab1CDslC/Esmb4uDlfzq6TbUqk7kIhzHvfj5XEGGaGUzFWAY7w763WykabtmPnL858oMdKM9FbZDOpd9Ntno9LG57KX9ECcjuopfeLhn7grKsZa3xLh4dN1u3dD89dC35wcnJjXnPr2KIF5PYbtIAs0xm3gFzqDXg2qws58Ps1ykqB3rRP6BzML/qLamG6HYHhV2iM4Rd0ugyn+SZ+kq+6m/ecv5iD33PWAz1s/u+hnCyrv6AHlaI5TjKGQY/Jxcc/PEsb+JEFrYvLfAKDLsXx/dwC8ivU9XFku0OAun2cAfx+XUGvld6o8Ua3yoscS8DhjZ3WzBrCXjlIg1I5jUrZ7XDJc3ebzCErIIcsSLfRc7Mf313HDaLRSzoAFhmdcxM7Y55M6N2m7fdREITKfhizfnkT55TOYV8zpu3NutxGXV9Ny4MZvOuH389h5zeet0nTg/qpVdIWlz+XRlkt9uxyIx+SsUYuLxp1ty3P85rNgtUaEHWfFavuk2tYB6FyYponl5d2r4ZDP1ItUzwHKB1TeS/TU6uxzVMf5zjIvhDIpJU+sFx5T+Qm1llTuNRT9omonsbpzTLYZZbqSbuzLkTh2ysWzBtowlPtzjbrgnJ5fdxfZBfEpJ/OwFbj0JdnL6GDeStyoCm6F4L/Sf7SSp8MgeRSR0lMYjbyktqECKfrXkuQwCGVU6dqAZff0b0YTvrxkJXWxy9pJyfXeBMsXx/7BzcssvQ21hSYYRc4WUtjIFMft/DrmvA2vYcmPLW2lOPe6AyMzxre5dMnWuQ6TZ8sOqte6SydltwGeiLnZWxc/uORWncmkP5UTgrwxvNOFm3UuiYM8kzUCqtzNaYTgPre8hevyThDoGNIhpYm0LNZNVq5/GtsG0gh6MB8M9TuevkPmwfsXrvJ93VbsxjDAZVT6+LdWtdQQhnxoXle+4hb7/n4pOQiNWE2jeYrQj9O2bs9Nn5cQFSK3scjiLhZ0xM5L8i3amjmyU1K4kGmOGciyc6F48NsjH1xTqNKPbnkrDU3kjS2rmcQKifX1jWMUEZ8Zp7XPuLWez6u5DJO6c7f2E2gJ8xEgNv1iyB3YrIouQO1JiWjEkOOQzw9SS7njcppHAJSYyoJKAk0SaAGenXCyH0Rtd1Ajk/9kswOdlRONvUajTLIDZOjH8nlMFRObqyrUcJoAtPUjm/U8wf2jq5R5llf+6h77/X8pOTi9vscp0zU2J0lUNf0hJkIKOvhtHOTMsgVk6PPmoehcnJlXQ2y7vUxun0o53ntbsuicTw35TLJ9zlOmSzy2DXQk6at00CFC5RBLki915rvG5WTC+JSQygJKAlAAgL06mbipmNSy+Epg9yRe/81zyGVkzuiUaMoCSgJ9JDAZzaXfz/Ttn2MISmDXHgdA615jqicXBCNGkJJQEmgjwQ+q3P5g0EIxINITDYrRWf0R0NRBo34SkT5koZGA9bVdc1zSuU0onjU40oCSgL9QK/dMdvAzd/n4UEpg9x4G52bPreveR6onLpFW7lxTPQ8I/rguiGzaY+xKPuctpyHnf8heO5CaMLd+rx9DnXv5AhEh93DIM+NTC01CGXQIAtbhHslwQM3z0GjQO6ZAQJO0frPFwZx4zWSwWeLrmjYd7Io+xxWPtN+jolHK6fvDX+ixMzJVNJ9HrNy+WfcH9HEOQTZp+6QjHTae3Ey/8igRw4og5wsZLHvAcEDmppwXT7XcEqOthLl8tW2LmLzLadF2ee8viXujSt71oJEwbOXXjNeAQhzBbR8a+mwNq875HUPBHrDUgYpnrrOR6SeVpNGxyeQl1i3ye5Uk+w9Nd4jvCj7HK8Uxze64KYLHmpm4ITC6Dxm9+n2+nAOQR5/366BQG9YyqD7JjTX9lPNU06Q2kS4x6nwqdg/LILey9L+XJtvWgMtyj6nJd9R560WKPcL+saehNG7Av47EHLaJJ2mWdf+ujeeHXUBk31+INCb7NLu/2yymTGIHCxwY3/eaRAsvAIIz+9NIGNR9jmvJ7Za+JF+AbidhNHbFmpesroKzc+v6Si/D6Rfkw5mYgbCed1f67oV6E3pTdZMPsxf7ygGsAP7cwEd0+4Lk/Oi7HNKx2jkaWumLXo0Adx4PIP/a59DtDX2pO7uD+AN7NMbWcJqgLoELJMPPOl0BIIHmdbBjNX3B/DEZhdln/N6ti3Tls8hEnW5b+6fkWxAiz77Fv69+5WqYr8ipelN6bBKk69O8CD7y2bvXcR2UfY5pWM08rTStOVz+AjHz6TQZpzoFc7hPYvYNgpKgd7Ix2bwAeomXwPBg0j9yZKey6MTWNKcRe7CQXe6KPscVC6zcn/dtMU5fKQRMA/XHp0EXuEcFqhsJAyflhyaln1W9ql8erPwJmrRTNkZjJfEkfGtaMDU9Rzlq5w0cA+uRdnnvL4qO2qbfkZhK2oLFnbPVnTN2E3ktEL1W+FvPprX/XVZt9L0JvxCbbIEYdo20PLzMryRKAV0nfTtUwQz0FxmjsvQFmWfEz4+rk0nuorF/Rrzo/M5bMzG84a/wTlMkP7kJeXPE0YY1RjDNuFxbcEuDqRAz0Vh9hsquYr+vJqvdpsgS0DDVw5kiP/pjVA0oFOppFPYp4t+sfPYTnBR9tnvfc/q35MPbw2P5tPsHBTEL/gcGmCFRmrKkUneMD3GOSwWdYqIc1g2SgfJe5O2okBvgieT+77iULXMKHsL2yYubRxRa7/YCS7RlakWZZ+uCGsKg6Q+LnkOO51D6//B1eKhrw7p6CtrcXc/8LG8N9f/A7B1juVyddYCAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
即得該題滿分。
三、考生作答情形
本題共有 (a)、(b)、(c) 三小題,考生只要對物理量的定義有正確概念,配合概念使用正確的相關公式並計算,即可求出正確的答案。考生常見的錯誤作答類型依小題分別說明如下:第 (a) 小題常見的錯誤作答類型為知道磁通量的定義但線圈面積計算錯誤,例如線圈面積計算結果為
,並未除以 8;第 (b) 小題常見的錯誤作答類型為考生知道感應電動勢為磁通量隨時間的變化率,但時間間隔
取值不正確,以致計算結果錯誤,僅能獲得部分分數;第 (c) 小題常見的錯誤作答類型為考生具備
的概念,然而由於 (b) 小題的計算結果錯誤,以致 (c) 小題的答案不正確,僅能獲得部分分數。
參、結語
綜上所述,112 學年度分科測驗物理考科的非選擇題評分重點不只是最後的答案,還會針對考生得到答案的理由或解題的方法、過程逐步給分。因此,考生應盡量寫出自己的想法或所知道的概念,並盡可能在表達上要有條理,惟需留意作答內容應符合試題所要求的觀點。建議考生平常解題之餘,可以加強培養文字表達能力,俾使在考試臨場時能有助於更清楚表達自己解題的想法。