d>"e81g/"e81l%`i:"a&'e?'
    #aaj nt1i:"ov"l%`i:"
    {i:"6"|1 #ajh l!"kx'o
    y'=1l%`l!'

"1 h3"d>1a/"*"i:"e." "1
`# l%`i:"i:1kt'33 #ajj qu'a&'
`# e~`h!1f*1k*"qu'qx'i:"33
  dv'e~`f*133m0`f*1s` n k!ae~`e."2j*1a&'
a:`s`*'k!ai:"az"j8"r3"h$"i:"dx"d!ae~`
e."- k!"f*1d>1d$"a!`2d!1kw'f*1d!aqu'i/";
d>1j3",$"h3"d>1r3"r9"k*"d3'|1*'k!ae~`
e."a!`2kw'f*1*`cy1qu'k*"e}"-
  d3'e~`f*133m0`f*1s` n k!ae~`e."2j*1a&'
a:"i%`s`*'k!ai:"az"j8"d!ae~`e."- k!"f*1a:'
e~`e."d/1c*"pv"dy"2e3`s`e~`e."k4'd>1d$"
a!`2d!1kw'f*1j~1o/"d!aqu'i/";d>1j3" k
k!ae~`e."a!`2d!1kw'f*1 ?n-2k/n# d!aqu'
i/";dv"d!1qu'd*'|1cy1qu'r3"e3`s`e~`e."
k4'$"h3"d>1a!`2kw'f*1*`cy1qu'k*"e}"- 

d*"*'o/"qu",e~`h!1f*1{av" #fb qu'o 

*',j:1r$"f*1{av" #aj qu'o 
  i3'my133d*" #a f*1a:"d*" #aj f*12m0`
f*1 #a qu'- 

  #a4 ,news reporters need to base their 
stories on trusted sources in order to 
avoid ---- the public4
  7,a7 misplacing
  7,b7 misleading
  7,c7 misjudging
  7,d7 mistreating

  #b4 ,under the doctor's care1 my 
grandmother has been making ---- 
progress since her knee operation4
  7,a7 steady
  7,b7 routine
  7,c7 mobile
  7,d7 conscious

  #c4 ,amy asked her brother to turn 
down the ---- of the stereo so that she 
could hear her friend clearly on the 
phone4
  7,a7 intensity
  7,b7 volume
  7,c7 frequency
  7,d7 operation

  #d4 ,famous for his great achievements 
as an artist and scientist1 ,leonardo da 
,vinci is one of the ---- figures of the 
,renaissance4
  7,a7 universal
  7,b7 artificial
  7,c7 dominant
  7,d7 conventional

  #e4 ,to stop the spread of the 
illness1 anyone who fails to wear a mask 
in the hospital can be ---- service and 
even fined4
  7,a7 charged
  7,b7 directed
  7,c7 refused
  7,d7 pardoned

  #f4 ,before the invention of farm 
machinery1 farmers had to ---- from dawn 
to dusk in the fields all year round4
  7,a7 drill
  7,b7 harvest
  7,c7 shift
  7,d7 labor

  #g4 ,the boy insisted that there was a 
monster in his room1 but it was actually 
an ---- created by the moonlight4
  7,a7 array
  7,b7 entry
  7,c7 outlook
  7,d7 illusion

  #h4 ,instead of remaining ---- at 
home1 many retired people take part in 
social activities and do volunteer work4
  7,a7 idle
  7,b7 stiff
  7,c7 vacant
  7,d7 sensible

  #i4 ,at many busy international 
airports1 taxis are ---- available at 
all hours to provide transportation 
services to incoming travelers4
  7,a7 merely
  7,b7 strictly
  7,c7 readily
  7,d7 variously

  #aj4 ,long years of wars have forced 
many civilians to leave their homeland 
and live in ---- as refugees in other 
countries4
  7,a7 awe
  7,b7 exile
  7,c7 fraction
  7,d7 boredom

:",h&"r!1j!"t"{av" #aj qu'o 
  i3'my133d*" #aa f*1a:"d*" #bj f*12m0`
f*1 #a qu'- 

d*" #aa a:" #ae f*1$1f*1h/`
  ,denmark consistently scores high in 
global happiness rankings1 and ,danish 
people have some cool words for ways to 
be happy4 ,the word recently voted most 
popular among ,danes is pyt1 a term that 
describes the nation's philosophy toward 
----#aa----
  ,pyt doesn't have an exact ,english 
translation4 ,it is usually used as a 
----#ab---- to a daily mistake or 
small frustration1 corresponding roughly 
to the ,english sayings1 8,don't worry 
about it10 or 8,well1 things happen40 
,at its core1 the word is about 
accepting and resetting  a reminder to 
step back and refocus rather than 
overreact4 ,pyt doesn't point blame at 
either yourself or another person2
----#ac----1 it helps you learn that not
everything can be perfect4 ,but this 
does not mean that pyt applies to 
everything4 ,it should not be used when 
you ought to take responsibility2
----#ad---- should it be taken as an
excuse for inaction4
  ,today1 the word is even manifested 
into a literal 8pyt button0 in ,danish 
classrooms for schoolchildren to press 
when they are upset about something 
insignificant4 ,some adults have also 
started using the button at home4 
,basically1 pyt encourages people of all 
ages to ----#ae---- minor frustrations 
and move on with their lives4

  #aa4
  7,a7 health
  7,b7 stress
  7,c7 culture
  7,d7 friendship

  #ab4
  7,a7 hand gesture
  7,b7 body movement
  7,c7 verbal response
  7,d7 facial expression

  #ac4
  7,a7 therefore
  7,b7 likewise
  7,c7 however
  7,d7 instead

  #ad4
  7,a7 so
  7,b7 nor
  7,c7 only
  7,d7 nearly

  #ae4
  7,a7 let go of
  7,b7 look up to
  7,c7 go in for
  7,d7 come up with

d*" #af a:" #bj f*1$1f*1h/`
  ,goose bumps are one of those 
fight-or-flight reactions of the 
sympathetic nervous system4 ,when you 
experience cold or fear1 a nerve 
reaction is sent to the muscles1 which 
then contract involuntarily4 ,this 
muscle contraction causes your body hair 
to stand erect4 ,the skin with standing 
body hair ----#af---- a goose's skin 
after its feathers have been plucked  
hence the name goose bumps4
  ,but ----#ag---- is this helpful to 
us as a response to fear or cold8 ,back 
in the days when our ancestors may have 
had a lot more body hair1 this might 
have helped to keep them warm or scare 
an oncoming predator4 ,these days1 
however1 goose bumps are ----#ah---- 
to human beings4 ,goose bumps1 or the 
reflex that causes them1 also occur in 
many other mammals4 ,many mammals fluff 
up their fur when ----#ai----1 to 
look bigger and thus more dangerous4 
,for example1 when a porcupine 
encounters a predator1 its long sharp 
pointed hairs will stand up as a means 
of ----#bj----4 ,in animals with a 
thick hair coat1 the rising of hair 
traps more air between the hairs1 
providing another layer of insulation to 
keep them warm4

  #af4
  7,a7 imitates
  7,b7 explains
  7,c7 develops
  7,d7 resembles

  #ag4
  7,a7 how
  7,b7 where
  7,c7 what
  7,d7 whether

  #ah4
  7,a7 even more ridiculous
  7,b7 no longer useful
  7,c7 still quite convenient
  7,d7 more than important

  #ai4
  7,a7 threaten
  7,b7 threatening
  7,c7 threatened
  7,d7 to threaten

  #bj4
  7,a7 blocking the smell
  7,b7 attracting mates
  7,c7 showing friendliness
  7,d7 scaring the enemy

ev',=1*"e~`ft1{av" #aj qu'o 
  i3'my133d*" #ba f*1a:"d*" #cj f*12m0`
f*1 #a qu'- 

d*" #ba a:" #cj f*1$1f*1h/`
  ,in the traditional religions of 
,africa1 life does not end with death4 
,after death1 humans continue to
----#ba---- as spirits4 ,some ,african
groups believe these spirits dwell 
underground in a world much like that of 
the living  but upside down4 ,other 
groups believe the sky is the permanent 
----#bb---- place of the dead4 ,for 
instance1 the ,bushmen of southern 
,africa believe that the spirits of the 
dead go up to the sky and become stars4 
  ,among the spirits1 the ancestors
----#bc---- a special category of their
own4 ,as ancestors1 they have some extra 
powers4 ,to become an ancestor is the 
best that one can ----#bd---- after 
death4 ,however1 not everyone who dies 
will turn into an ancestor4 ,for one to 
become an ancestor1 there are ----#be----
to be fulfilled while the person is alive
living an upright life and fulfilling
all social and religious duties, for 
example4
  ,many ,african groups believe that the 
spirits of ancestors remain near their 
living descendants as ----#bf---- of 
the family and their traditions4 ,they 
help in times of trouble as long as 
their descendants perform proper rituals 
and pay them ----#bg---- respect4 
,but they punish people if certain 
ceremonies have not been performed 
properly or if there are some ----#bh----
of community laws4
  ,ancestor worship also plays a very 
----#bi---- role in the mythologies 
of some ,african peoples4 ,for example1 
the people of ,buganda in present-day 
,uganda say that their first ancestor 
was ,kintu1 who came from the land of 
the gods and married ,nambe1 daughter of 
the king of heaven4 ,another example is 
the ,dinkas of ,sudan1 who believe they 
are descended from ,garang and ,abuk1 
the first man and woman created by ,god 
as tiny clay figures in a pot4 ,for 
these ,africans1 the honored dead have 
become not only objects of worship but 
also ----#cj---- of tales and legends4

  7,a7 due
  7,b7 subjects
  7,c7 guardians
  7,d7 conditions
  7,e7 live on
  7,f7 resting
  7,g7 hope for
  7,h7 significant
  7,i7 violations
  7,j7 comprise

e:",pt'ax'k+1k("{av" #h qu'o 
  i3'my133d*" #ca f*1a:"d*" #cd f*12m0`
f*1 #b qu'- 

d*" #ca a:" #cd f*1$1f*1h/`
  ,generous billionaires are not hard to 
come by1 but it is definitely a 
challenge to find a billionaire who 
spends all his fortune on charity just 
to end up broke4 ----#ca----
  ,feeney1 who grew up in a poor 
neighborhood of ,new ,jersey1 is a 
genius at finding business 
opportunities4 ,since childhood1 he 
would take any job to make a few cents 
for his family  jobs like distributing 
umbrellas in summer and selling 
,christmas cards in winter4 ,in his 
college years at ,cornell ,university1 
he sold home-made sandwiches to other 
students and is still remembered there 
as the ,sandwich ,man4 ,then1 in the 
#1960s, ,feeney established airport 
retailer ,duty ,free ,shoppers 7,,dfs71 
which helped him reach his billionaire 
status by the #aihjs4 ----#cb---- ,he 
lived modestly1 and often pondered what 
to do with all the money he made4
  ,influenced by his upbringing1 ,feeney 
decided to give away all his money to 
those in need in his lifetime4 ,in 
#aigd, the then #ec-year-old ,feeney 
signed over everything  his ,,dfs shares 
and the various businesses and 
properties he had acquired worldwide  to 
,atlantic ,philanthropies1 a charity 
foundation he established4 ,in the 
following decades1 ,feeney donated 
through the organization more than 4#h 
billion anonymously1 to charities1 
universities1 human rights campaigns1 
and foundations worldwide4 ----#cc----
  ,pioneering the idea of 8,giving while 
,living10 ,feeney is a role model for 
many famous billionaires today1 
including ,bill ,gates and ,warren 
,buffet4 ----#cd---- ,in ,september 
#bjbj, ,feeney's go-for-broke mission 
was completed1 and he now lives happily 
with his wife on a pension in a modest 
apartment in ,san ,francisco4

  7,a7 ,however1 ,feeney never felt at 
ease with the lifestyle of the wealthy4
  7,b7 ,he encourages people to donate 
at least half their fortunes before 
death4
  7,c7 ,this is exactly what happened to 
8former0 ,american billionaire ,charles 
,feeney4
  7,d7 ,such incredible secret 
generosity won him the title 8,james 
,bond of ,philanthropy0 from ,forbes 
magazine4

/`,8"d/1j!"t"{av" #bd qu'o 
  i3'my133d*" #ce f*1a:"d*" #df f*12m0`
f*1 #b qu'- 

d*" #ce a:" #ch f*1$1f*1h/`
  ,islands are different from a 
continent or mainland4 ,the size and 
isolation of islands have a profound 
effect on island ecosystems and their 
inhabitants4
  ,scientists who specialize in species 
evolution have found that1 among mammal 
species that settle on islands1 big 
species tend to shrink while small ones 
are apt to enlarge4 ,this phenomenon1 
discovered by ,j4 ,bristol ,foster in 
#aifd, has been called ,foster's rule1 
or the island effect4 ,for instance1 
rodents (such as rats and squirrels) 
living on islands tend toward gigantism1 
while big mammals (like deer and 
elephants) are more likely to become 
dwarfed4 ,although there are a number of 
exceptions to this pattern1 the trend 
generally holds true for both fossil 
species and living island mammals4
  ,foster's rule shows that body size 
regulates everything4 ,in a mainland 
environment1 being large is often a 
safer and adaptive form of avoiding 
predators4 ,on an island1 with few 
natural predators and less competition1 
being really big is no longer an 
advantage2 in fact1 it can be a 
hindrance since a huge animal will need 
a lot more food in order to survive and 
reproduce4
  ,a new fossil study of island-dwelling 
proboscideans (i4e4 prehistoric hairy 
elephants) further shows that the 
physical attributes and ecological 
structure of an island may affect the 
degree of shrinking in big mammals4 ,on 
relatively balanced and species-rich 
islands1 competition with other species 
often result in a relatively less 
dwarfed body size4 ,in contrast1 on 
smaller islands where food sources are 
limited and competitors lacking1 members 
of this group become smaller 
surprisingly quickly4 ,on one of the 
,channel ,islands #15 miles off the 
coast of ,france1 the red deer dwarfed 
to one-sixth the size of deer on 
continental ,europe in a mere #fjjj
years after the island became isolated4

  #ce4 ,what is the second paragraph 
mainly about8
  7,a7 ,the reasons why mammals change 
and evolve through time4
  7,b7 ,a comparison of gigantism and 
dwarfism on different islands4
  7,c7 ,the different patterns of 
evolution for big and small island 
mammals4
  7,d7 ,the similarity between the 
evolution of fossil species and that of 
living species4

  #cf4 ,according to the passage1 what 
is a problem big mammals might face on 
an island8
  7,a7 ,there may not be enough food4
  7,b7 ,it is harder to find shelter on 
small islands4
  7,c7 ,it may be difficult to move 
around on small islands4
  7,d7 ,they become less competitive due 
to lack of natural enemies4

  #cg4 ,what does 8this group0 in the 
fourth paragraph refer to8
  7,a7 ,fossil species4
  7,b7 ,natural predators4
  7,c7 ,big mammals4
  7,d7 ,limited competitors4

  #ch4 ,how does the author conclude the 
last paragraph8
  7,a7 ,with a prediction4
  7,b7 ,with a summary4
  7,c7 ,with a suggestion4
  7,d7 ,with an illustration4

d*" #ci a:" #db f*1$1f*1h/`
  ,monopoly is a very popular board game 
around the world today1 but little is 
known about its ,american inventor1 
,elizabeth ,magie1 and the philosophy 
behind her invention4
  ,born in #ahff, ,magie was a rebel 
against the norms and politics of her 
times4 ,inspired by ,henry ,george who 
believed that all men should have an 
equal right to use the land as they have 
to breathe air1 she challenged the 
capitalist system of property ownership  
in the form of a board game4 ,in #aijd, 
she patented her ,landlord's ,game1 
which consisted of a circuit of streets 
and landmarks for sale4
  ,magie's game contained two sets of 
rules3 ,the ,prosperity rules and the 
,monopolist rules4 ,the ,prosperity 
rules stated that every player should 
gain each time someone acquired a new 
property4 ,the game was won (by all6) 
when the player starting with the least 
money doubled his or her fortune4 ,under 
,monopolist rules1 on the other hand1 
each player advanced by acquiring 
properties and collecting rent from all 
who landed there later4 ,whoever managed 
to bankrupt the other players won the 
game4 ,the purpose of the dual sets of 
rules1 said ,magie1 was for players to 
understand how these different 
approaches to property can lead to 
different social outcomes3 8all win0 or 
8win all40
  ,the game soon became a hit on college 
campuses and among ,quaker communities1 
and some people modified the game board4 
,an unemployed player named ,charles 
,darrow sold this modified version to 
the manufacturer ,parker ,brothers as 
his own4 ,however1 when the game's true 
origin came to light1 ,parker ,brothers 
bought the patent from ,magie for only 
d#ejj_4 ,they then re-launched the game 
as ,monopoly1 including only the rules 
leading to the triumph of one over all4 
,darrow was publicized as the inventor 
who had become a millionaire from 
selling the game4 ,thus a rags-to-riches 
myth was created1 ironically 
exemplifying ,monopoly's implicit 
values3 ,chase wealth and crush your 
opponents if you want to come out on 
top4

  #ci4 ,what is this passage mainly 
about8
  7,a7 ,the creation and modification of 
a board game4
  7,b7 ,a fight between patent owners of 
a popular game4
  7,c7 ,a socio-economic victory behind 
a landlord game4
  7,d7 ,the person who became a 
millionaire from a fun game4

  #dj4 ,what was the main purpose of 
,magie's ,prosperity rules8
  7,a7 ,to emphasize the value of the 
capitalist system4
  7,b7 ,to introduce different 
approaches to obtaining new land4
  7,c7 ,to advocate that all should be 
rewarded when one acquires wealth4
  7,d7 ,to challenge ,george's idea that 
men should have an equal right to the 
land4

  #da4 ,what does 8a rags-to-riches 
myth0 refer to in the last paragraph8
  7,a7 ,a modified version of ,monopoly4
  7,b7 ,darrow's success after selling 
the game4
  7,c7 ,parker ,brothers' purchase of 
,magie's patent4
  7,d7 ,the popularity of the game on 
college campuses4

  #db4 ,which of the following would 
best describe ,magie's feelings toward 
today's version of her game8
  7,a7 ,excited4
  7,b7 ,relieved4
  7,c7 ,embarrassed4
  7,d7 ,displeased4

d*" #dc a:" #df f*1$1f*1h/`
  ,for decades1 ,india's time zone has 
been a hotly debated issue4 ,back in 
#1884 when time zones were officially 
established1 two time zones were used  
,bombay ,time and ,calcutta ,time4 
,indian ,standard ,time 7,,ist7 was 
introduced in #aijf, but ,calcutta ,time 
and ,bombay ,time continued to be 
maintained after ,india's independence 
in #aidg, until #aidh and #aiee
respectively4 ,the current single time 
zone1 though a legacy of ,british rule1 
is often viewed as a symbol of unity4 
,yet1 not everyone thinks it is a good 
idea4
  ,india stretches #cjjj km from east 
to west1 spanning roughly #cj degrees 
longitude4 ,this corresponds to a 
two-hour difference in mean solar time1 
based on the position of the sun in the 
sky4 ,thus1 the sun rises nearly two 
hours earlier in the east than in 
,india's far west4 ,in ,northeastern 
states1 sunrise can be as early as #d 
a4m4 in summer and sunset by #d p4m4 in 
winter1 much earlier than the official 
working hours4 ,this results in great 
loss of daylight hours and more 
consumption of electricity1 and often 
reduced productivity4
  ,meanwhile1 recent studies point out 
that the current system leads to a 
serious problem in education for some 
students4 ,nationwide1 the school day 
starts at roughly the same time2 thus1 
children go to bed later and have 
reduced sleep in west ,india1 where the 
sun sets later4 ,such sunset-induced 
sleep deprivation is more pronounced 
among the poor1 mostly due to their 
noisy environment and lack of 
sleep-inducing facilities like window 
shades or indoor beds4 ,on average1 an 
hour's delay in sunset time reduces 
children's sleep by #cj minutes1 and an 
hour's delay in annual average sunset 
time reduces education by about #0.8 
years4 ,as a result1 children living in 
locations with later sunsets are less 
likely to complete primary and middle 
school education4
  ,despite various requests and 
proposals for multiple time zones1 the 
government is keen to retain the current 
system4 ,reasons provided include 
prevention of confusion and safety 
issues regarding railway and flight 
operations4

  #dc4 ,which of the following 
illustrates the ,indian time zone system 
since #1955?
  7,a7 {e~`e."jy`kt"f/1j!"d*"*'+"o 
  7,b7 {e~`e."jy`kt"f/1j!"d*":"+"o 
  7,c7 {e~`e."jy`kt"f/1j!"d*"ev'+"o 
  7,d7 {e~`e."jy`kt"f/1j!"d*"e:"+"o 

  #dd4 ,which of the following is 
closest in meaning to the word 
8pronounced0 in the third paragraph8
  7,a7 ,serious4
  7,b7 ,flexible4
  7,c7 ,distant4
  7,d7 ,noisy4

  #de4 ,according to the passage1 which 
of the following is a supporting 
argument for multiple time zones8
  7,a7 ,the number of traffic accidents 
can be reduced4
  7,b7 ,children may have better-quality 
sleep and education4
  7,c7 ,india may have more energy 
resources to generate electricity4
  7,d7 ,the country may rid itself of 
the impact of ,british colonization4

  #df4 ,according to the passage1 when 
is most likely the sunset hour in 
,december in the city of ,varanasi shown 
on the map8 {jv'l%`f/1pt"jy`kt"f/1j!"d*"
/`+"o 
  7,a7 #g p4m4
  7,b7 #f p4m4
  7,c7 #e p4m4
  7,d7 #d p4m4

d*":"o/"qu",r=`r!1f*1{av" #aj qu'o 
  i3'my133ou`o/"qu"k&"s` #a f*1h/`2m0`*'
h:af*1p0"qu'o{'|1f*1m<"- 

d*" #dg a:" #ej f*1$1f*1h/`
  ,richard ,i was the king of ,england 
from #aahi to #aaii4 ,he was known as 
8,richard the ,lionheart0 because he was 
a brave warrior and was said to be 
afraid of nothing4 ,after ascending the 
throne1 ,richard led an army to join the 
,third ,crusade to recover ,christian 
holy sites from the ,muslims4 ,he fought 
side by side with the ,duke of ,austria1 
,leopold ,v1 and together they conquered 
the powerful fortress of ,acre in 
#aaia4 ,however1 when ,richard reached 
the top of the castle to claim victory1 
he displayed only his own banner and not 
that of ,duke ,leopold1 who was absent 
at the time4 ,this was an insult too 
much for the duke to bear1 so he placed 
a price on ,richard's head4
  ,richard was aware of the danger 
awaiting him on his way back to ,england 
after the war4 ,however1 he had no other 
choice but to cross through ,austria1 a 
land controlled by his unfriendly former 
ally4 ,richard traveled in disguise but 
was recognized and caught before 
reaching ,vienna4 ,duke ,leopold held 
,richard at _,d|rnstein1 a castle on the
bank of the ,danube ,river4 ,after a few 
months1 ,richard was handed over to the 
,german ,emperor ,heinrich ,,vi4 ,a 
ransom of #35 tons of silver was 
demanded by the duke and the emperor to 
release ,richard4 ,that was a huge 
amount for ,england to pay4
  ,in #aaid, the ransom was paid and 
,richard was finally released1 though 
the effort it took to raise the money 
affected people throughout ,england4 
,the silver was split between the 
,german ,emperor and the ,austrian 
,duke4 ,the ,austrians used it to 
improve the city walls of ,vienna and 
some small towns in the east4 ,it was 
also used to establish the ,austrian 
mint and make silver coins4 ,until the 
#1960s, small amounts of the silver 
stemming from the ransom could still be 
found in ,austrian #aj ,schilling coins4

  #dg4 jy`j&1=1ax'd*"*'d}"a&'e~`b/'*'k!a
dv'j:1 7word7 ft1g/"e)"c+"k|"h:ad!al&"
k!12oy"i:"|`q>`e|'{"h3"i:"dx"d!ah:"ey1
ot"r9"2i:`k|"h:a|`*"}1az`,|`q>`az"j8"2
j+`q/1r!1d*"*'d}"=1*"- {ft1l&"2 #b qu'o 
  ,after the conquest of ,acre in 
#aaia, the ,duke of ,austria was very 
upset because he felt he had been 
greatly ----#dg----4

  #dh4 ,who does 8his unfriendly former 
ally0 in the second paragraph refer to8 
{kt`d>12 #b qu'o 

  #di4 ,which word in the passage means 
8a place where coins1 medals1 or tokens 
are made08 {kt`d>12 #b qu'o 

  #ej4 ,what happened to ,richard ,i1 
,heinrich ,,vi1 and ,leopold ,v in the 
story8 ,from 7,a7 to 7,f7 below1 choose 
the statements that are true according 
to the passage4 {d3'e~`f*12 #d qu'o 
  7,a7 ,richard ,i got his revenge at 
the end4
  7,b7 ,heinrich ,,vi received part of 
the ransom4
  7,c7 ,richard ,i lost his throne after 
the incident4
  7,d7 ,leopold ,v claimed victory alone 
after the battle at ,acre4
  7,e7 ,leopold ,v rebuilt towns and 
city walls with some ransom money4
  7,f7 ,heinrich ,,vi captured ,richard 
,i and handed him over to ,leopold ,v4

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